In our modern world Halloween has become associated with witches, ghosts, ghouls, the undead, and all sorts of supernatural things. It is supposed to be a night when evil spirits stalk the earth to torment the living.
However, Halloween has been misrepresented and misunderstood. There is widespread belief that this night is a pre-Christian pagan celebration of the dead. This is not historically correct.
The festival of the 1st November, called Samhain, was by far the most important of the four quarter days in the medieval Irish calendar. There would be tribal feasts and gatherings and , to the ancient celts, this was a time of year when is was possible that magical things could happen. However, in Wales the days for these same celebrations were the 1st May and New Year. In Scotland, there are very few mentions of the 1st November until centuries later and in England hardly any.
It was, however, a very important time of year in the Catholic church. Halloween is the Eve of All Hallows or All Saints Day which along with All Souls Day on the 2nd November constituted Hallowtide. The festivals were confirmed at these dates between 800 and 1000 A.D. All Souls Day on November 2nd was considered the most important.
Hallowtide was for the commemoration of the departed faithful and the day when prayers were said and bells rung to enable souls to be released from purgatory so that they could enter heaven. So, the connection between the dead and this time of year was a Christian invention and not pagan and instituted so that the dead could find eternal peace. The reforming Protestant church abolished these ideas but they continued in Catholic areas and in popular mind and tradition.
It was only when folklore began to be recorded in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that there was any mention of witches, brooms, games, tricks, practical jokes, apples or anything similar. Robert Burns helped to make the current view of Halloween popular in his poem "Hallowe’en" published in 1786. A generation later, Hugh Miller described the games that took place on All Hallows Eve - fortune-telling being the most prominent. This fortune- telling was mostly to do with love and marriage. Young girls would cover mirrors then remove the covers on the stroke of midnight and hope to see the faces of their future husbands. Young men would pull cabbages and kale stalks from the ground and from the size of the vegetables and the amount of earth sticking to them would be able to tell whether their future wives would be tall or short, rich or poor.
So, Halloween of old was mostly a night for love games and divination but mainly for praying for the souls of departed Christians.
It is only in comparatively recent times that it has come to be associated with witches and broomsticks, the devil, demons, mischief-making spirits, ghosts and hauntings, bats and things that go bump in the night.
Illuminated pumpkins came about because of the old tradition of Christians placing a lighted candle in their windows so that any faithful departed who were "lost" would be attracted to the houses where prayers were being said for the repose of their souls, thus making it easier for them to find their way into Heaven.
Halloween nowadays is also the time for telling stories of the supernatural so I thought I would share this one with you.
Bettiscome Manor (above)
This is the strange story of the skull that is kept in Bettiscome manor, Dorset, in the south west of England.. The manor is known as the 'The House of the Screaming Skull'. It has belonged to the Pinney family for hundreds of years and it is a member of this family that is connected to the ghostly tale surrounding the house.
According to legend the skull is that of a black slave. In 1685 Azariah Pinney was banished to the West Indies for his part in supporting the Duke of Monmouth's rebellion. He soon became a successful businessman and eventually returned to England. With him he brought one of his black slaves but soon after they arrived in England the slave became ill and died. His last request was that he be buried in his native home, but instead Azariah buried him in the local churchyard. The slave had told his master that if the promise was not carried out a curse would fall on Bettiscombe Manor.
Almost at once terrifying screams and moans came from his grave and doors and windows banged and rattled in the Manor. Finally, Azariah had the body dug up. In the process however, his head became separated from his body, but for a time all the noises and activities ceased. Nobody knows what became of the body but eventually only the head - the skull, remained.
A few years later a new occupant of the Manor was so appalled by the sight of the old skull that he threw it in the lake. As soon as he did so piercing screams and groans filled the air and only stopped when the skull was brought back into the house. On another occasion the skull was buried in a hole nine feet deep. Within three days the skull had, apparently, burrowed to the surface. The owner of the house, hearing screaming, went to look and found it waiting to be taken back inside. Ever since, the skull has screamed whenever it is removed from the property. The present owner keeps it in an old box locked away in a bureau. It is also said that the skull sweats blood if England is in danger of war and that if ever it is taken from the house, not only will it scream but the person who removes it will be dead within the year and the house itself will fall.
There are other ghostly tales attached to the skull. On one night of the year a phantom coach goes from Bettiscombe Manor, along a lonely road, to the churchyard. Local people call it "the funeral procession of the skull." The owners of the property consider the skull to be a good luck charm protecting the house from all harm.
The skull has been examined by archaeologists and has turned out to be not the skull of a black man but instead it belonged to a woman of European origin who died 3,000 to 4,000 years ago. The fossilised skull is believed to have been submerged in the well near the manor house.
Skulls or severed heads were often used as offerings to water spirits in ancient times - they were placed in wells and ponds and believed to hold powers that would protect and guard not only the well but any nearby properties - provided they were treated with respect.
I certainly would not like to have to keep a skull in my house and I would most certainly not like to hear one scream!
So, dear readers, I wish you a very Happy Halloween whatever you are doing and wherever you are and please..........................do not get spooked!